Bellantuono, Ilaria, Professor

Professor Ilaria Bellantuono

MD, PhD

School of Medicine and Population Health

Professor of Musculoskeletal Ageing

Co-Director, The Healthy Lifespan Institute

i.bellantuono@sheffield.ac.uk
+44 114 215 9037

DU33, D Floor, The Medical School

Full contact details

Professor Ilaria Bellantuono
School of Medicine and Population Health
DU33, D Floor
The Medical School
Beech Hill Road
91ֱ��
S10 2RX

Profile

For enquiries please contact - SMPH-West-Operational@sheffield.ac.uk

I am Professor of Musculoskeletal Ageing and Co-Director of the Healthy Lifespan Institute (HELSI) at the University of 91ֱ��. I am the co-founder and Co-lead of .

I am a medically trained scientist focused on understanding the biology of ageing and identifying strategies to prevent multimorbidity and frailty through geroprotective interventions. My scientific journey began in stem cell biology, with a PhD in gene therapy for inherited blood disorders at the University of Manchester and postdoctoral work on leukemic and mesenchymal stem cells. This early work continues to shape how I approach the challenges of ageing today.

Current PhD Opportunities:

Research interests

My research aims to delay or prevent the onset of multiple age-related diseases and frailty by targeting the biological processes of ageing itself, using medicinal drugs known as geroprotectors. I focus on generating robust preclinical data in mouse models to support the transition to phase 1 clinical trials aimed at preventing frailty. This includes identifying individuals at risk of frailty and addressing the regulatory challenges involved in advancing these therapies to clinical application.

I work closely with colleagues and experts across various age-related diseases to uncover common mechanisms of ageing—such as DNA repair deficiencies and cellular senescence—that drive multiple long-term chronic conditions. Together, we investigate how diseases cluster, identify compounds that target shared mechanisms, and explore their potential to impact multiple conditions simultaneously. I am also involved in designing clinical trials tailored to these approaches.

In collaboration with industrial partners and regulatory experts, I have contributed to reaching a European-level consensus on the best strategies to bring geroprotectors to the clinic. Our roadmap for achieving this is outlined in: Bellantuono I. Nature. 2018.

My contribution to the field of ageing has been recognised with the Dunhill Medical Trust Excellence in Leadership Award (Senior), 2024.

Publications

Show: Featured publications All publications

Featured publications

Journal articles

Rajovic N, Grubor N, Cirkovic A, Maheswaran R, Bath PA, Green D, Bellantuono I, Milicevic O, Kanazir S, Miljus D , Zivkovic S et al (2024) . Environmental Health, 23.
Bellantuono I, Mortiboys H, Rocha E, Chamoli M, Chinta SJ, Andersen JK, Wallis R, Bezard E, Goldberg M, Greenamyre T , Hirst W et al (2023) . Aging Biology, 1, 1-30.
Morsli S, Henriques CM, Ellis PS, Mortiboys H, Baxendale S, Loynes CA, Renshaw SA & Bellantuono I (2023) . Aging Cell, 22(6).
Morsli S & Bellantuono I (2021) . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 193, 111391-111391.
Cox LS, Bellantuono I, Lord JM, Sapey E, Mannick JB, Partridge L, Gordon AL, Steves CJ & Witham MD (2020) . The Lancet Healthy Longevity, 1(2), e55-e57.
Bellantuono I, de Cabo R, Ehninger D, Di Germanio C, Lawrie A, Miller J, Mitchell SJ, Navas-Enamorado I, Potter PK, Tchkonia T , Trejo JL et al (2020) . Nature Protocols, 15(2), 540-574.
Trendelenburg AU, Scheuren AC, Potter P, Müller R & Bellantuono I (2019) . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 180, 11-20.
Schosserer M, Banks G, Dogan S, Dungel P, Fernandes A, Presen DM, Matheu A, Osuchowski M, Potter P, Sanfeliu C , Tuna BG et al (2019) . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 177, 91-102.
Bellantuono I (2018) . Nature, 554(7692), 293-295.
Misra J, Mohanty ST, Madan S, Fernandes JA, Hal Ebetino F, Russell RGG & Bellantuono I (2016) . STEM CELLS, 34(3), 756-767.
Dudek M, Gossan N, Yang N, Im H-J, Ruckshanthi JPD, Yoshitane H, Li X, Jin D, Wang P, Boudiffa M , Bellantuono I et al (2016) . Journal of Clinical Investigation, 126(1), 365-376.

All publications

Journal articles

Rajovic N, Grubor N, Cirkovic A, Maheswaran R, Bath PA, Green D, Bellantuono I, Milicevic O, Kanazir S, Miljus D , Zivkovic S et al (2024) . Environmental Health, 23.
Farage-O’Reilly SM, Cheong VS, Pickering E, Pivonka P, Bellantuono I, Kadirkamanathan V & Dall’Ara E (2024) . Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 12.
(2024) . Aging Cell, 23(3).
Bellantuono I, Mortiboys H, Rocha E, Chamoli M, Chinta SJ, Andersen JK, Wallis R, Bezard E, Goldberg M, Greenamyre T , Hirst W et al (2023) . Aging Biology, 1, 1-30.
Morsli S, Henriques CM, Ellis PS, Mortiboys H, Baxendale S, Loynes CA, Renshaw SA & Bellantuono I (2023) . Aging Cell, 22(6).
Oliviero S, Millard E, Chen Z, Rayson A, Roberts BC, Ismail HMS, Bellantuono I & Dall’Ara E (2023) . Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13.
Oliviero S, Cheong VS, Roberts BC, Orozco Diaz CA, Griffiths W, Bellantuono I & Dall’Ara E (2022) . Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13.
Rayson A, Boudiffa M, Naveed M, Griffin J, Dall’Ara E & Bellantuono I (2022) . Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 10.
Soriano‐Arroquia A, Gostage J, Xia Q, Bardell D, McCormick R, McCloskey E, Bellantuono I, Clegg P, McDonagh B & Goljanek‐Whysall K (2021) . Aging Cell, 20(10).
Bellantuono I & Marengoni A (2021) . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 195, 111453-111453.
Morsli S & Bellantuono I (2021) . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 193, 111391-111391.
Oliviero S, Owen R, Reilly GC, Bellantuono I & Dall'Ara E (2020) . Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.
Cox LS, Bellantuono I, Lord JM, Sapey E, Mannick JB, Partridge L, Gordon AL, Steves CJ & Witham MD (2020) . The Lancet Healthy Longevity, 1(2), e55-e57.
Wyld L, Bellantuono I, Tchkonia T, Morgan J, Turner O, Foss F, George J, Danson S & Kirkland JL (2020) . Cancers, 12(8).
Bellantuono I, de Cabo R, Ehninger D, Di Germanio C, Lawrie A, Miller J, Mitchell SJ, Navas-Enamorado I, Potter PK, Tchkonia T , Trejo JL et al (2020) . Nature Protocols, 15(2), 540-574.
Trendelenburg AU, Scheuren AC, Potter P, Müller R & Bellantuono I (2019) . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 180, 11-20.
Schosserer M, Banks G, Dogan S, Dungel P, Fernandes A, Presen DM, Matheu A, Osuchowski M, Potter P, Sanfeliu C , Tuna BG et al (2019) . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 177, 91-102.
Bellantuono I, Chen Z, Slack C, Cordero J & Zeidler M (2018) . Innovation in Aging, 2(suppl_1), 545-545.
Esapa CT, Piret SE, Nesbit MA, Thomas GP, Coulton LA, Gallagher OM, Simon MM, Kumar S, Mallon A-M, Bellantuono I , Brown MA et al (2018) . JBMR Plus, 2(3), 154-163.
Bellantuono I (2018) . Nature, 554(7692), 293-295.
Lu Y, Boudiffa M, Dall'Ara E, Yue L, Bellantuono I & Viceconti M (2017) . Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 75, 244-251.
Bellantuono I & Potter PK (2016) . Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, 20, 27-32.
Bellantuono I & Gonos S (2016) . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 160, 32-33.
Figueira I, Fernandes A, Mladenovic A, Lopez-Contreras A, Henriques CM, Selman C, Ferreiro E, Gonos ES, Trejo JL, Misra J , Rasmussen LJ et al (2016) . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 160, 69-92.
Wells SE & Bellantuono I (2016) . Mammalian Genome, 27(7), 440-444.
Lu Y, Boudiffa M, Dall'Ara E, Bellantuono I & Viceconti M (2016) . Journal of Biomechanics, 49(10), 2095-2099.
Jackson SJ, Andrews N, Ball D, Bellantuono I, Gray J, Hachoumi L, Holmes A, Latcham J, Petrie A, Potter P , Rice A et al (2016) . Laboratory Animals.
Misra J, Mohanty ST, Madan S, Fernandes JA, Hal Ebetino F, Russell RGG & Bellantuono I (2016) . STEM CELLS, 34(3), 756-767.
Dudek M, Gossan N, Yang N, Im H-J, Ruckshanthi JPD, Yoshitane H, Li X, Jin D, Wang P, Boudiffa M , Bellantuono I et al (2016) . Journal of Clinical Investigation, 126(1), 365-376.
Lu Y, Boudiffa M, Dall'Ara E, Bellantuono I & Viceconti M (2015) . Medical Engineering & Physics, 37(11), 1091-1097.
Nye G, Lightfoot A, Sakellariou G, Boudiffa M, Bellantuono I, Brooks S, Richardson A, Jackson M, Van Remmen H, Jeffery N & McArdle A (2014) . The FASEB Journal, 28.
Duran AL, Potter P, Wells S, Kirkwood T, von Zglinicki T, McArdle A, Scudamore C, Meng Q-J, de Haan G, Corcoran A & Bellantuono I (2013) . Biogerontology, 14(6), 789-794.
Loh NY, Bentley L, Dimke H, Verkaart S, Tammaro P, Gorvin CM, Stechman MJ, Ahmad BN, Hannan FM, Piret SE , Evans H et al (2013) . PLoS One, 8(1), e55412.
Mohanty ST & Bellantuono I (2013) . Methods in Molecular Biology, 976, 131-141.
Mohanty ST & Bellantuono I (2013) . Methods Mol Biol, 976, 131-141.
Boddy SL, Chen W, Romero-Guevara R, Kottam L, Bellantuono I & Rivolta MN (2012) . Regen Med, 7(6), 757-767.
Mohanty ST, Cairney CJ, Chantry AD, Madan S, Fernandes JA, Howe SJ, Moore HD, Thompson MJ, Chen B, Thrasher A , Keith WN et al (2012) . Stem Cells, 30(6), 1134-1143.
Bellantuono I, Sanguinetti G & Keith WN (2012) . Biogerontology, 13(1), 63-75.
Gambardella A, Nagaraju CK, O'Shea PJ, Mohanty ST, Kottam L, Pilling J, Sullivan M, Djerbi M, Koopmann W, Croucher PI & Bellantuono I (2011) . J Bone Miner Res, 26(4), 811-821.
Mohanty ST, Kottam L, Gambardella A, Nicklin MJ, Coulton L, Hughes D, Wilson AG, Croucher PI & Bellantuono I (2010) . Arthritis Res Ther, 12(4), R149.
Holmes DK, Bellantuono I, Walkinshaw SA, Alfirevic Z, Johnston TA, Subhedar NV, Chittick R, Swindell R & Wynn RF (2009) . Biogerontology, 10(3), 279-284.
Cairney CJ, Sanguinetti G, Ranghini E, Chantry AD, Nostro MC, Bhattacharyya A, Svendsen CN, Keith WN & Bellantuono I (2009) . Biochim Biophys Acta, 1792(4), 353-363.
Bellantuono I, Aldahmash A & Kassem M (2009) . Biochim Biophys Acta, 1792(4), 364-370.
Suzuki M, McHugh J, Tork C, Shelley B, Hayes A, Bellantuono I, Aebischer P & Svendsen CN (2008) . Mol Ther, 16(12), 2002-2010.
Corradi-Perini C, Southgate TD, Besley GT, Cooper A, Deakin JA, Wraith JE, Fairbairn LJ, Wynn RF & Bellantuono I (2008) Retrovirally-mediated genetic correction of mesenchymal stem cells from patients affected by mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter Syndrome). GENE THER MOL BIOL, 12B, 167-174.
Bellantuono I & Keith WN (2007) . Expert Rev Mol Med, 9(31), 1-20.
Holmes DK, Bates N, Murray M, Ladusans EJ, Morabito A, Bolton-Maggs PHB, Johnston TA, Walkenshaw S, Wynn RF & Bellantuono I (2006) . Exp Hematol, 34(12), 1611-1615.
Gillmore R, Xue S-A, Holler A, Kaeda J, Hadjiminas D, Healy V, Dina R, Parry SC, Bellantuono I, Ghani Y , Coombes RC et al (2006) . Clin Cancer Res, 12(1), 34-42.
Baxter MA, Wynn RF, Schyma L, Holmes DK, Wraith JE, Fairbairn LJ & Bellantuono I (2005) . J Inherit Metab Dis, 28(6), 1045-1053.
Wynn RF, Hart CA, Corradi-Perini C, O'Neill L, Evans CA, Wraith JE, Fairbairn LJ & Bellantuono I (2004) . Blood, 104(9), 2643-2645.
Bellantuono I (2004) . Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 36(4), 607-620.
Baxter MA, Wynn RF, Jowitt SN, Wraith JE, Fairbairn LJ & Bellantuono I (2004) . Stem Cells, 22(5), 675-682.
Dong R, Cwynarski K, Entwistle A, Marelli-Berg F, Dazzi F, Simpson E, Goldman JM, Melo JV, Lechler RI, Bellantuono I , Ridley A et al (2003) . Blood, 101(9), 3560-3567.
Bellantuono I, Gao L, Parry S, Marley S, Dazzi F, Apperley J, Goldman JM & Stauss HJ (2002) . Blood, 100(10), 3835-3837.
Campagnoli C (2002) . BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 109(8), 952-954.
Campagnoli C, Bellantuono I, Kumar S, Fairbairn LJ, Roberts I & Fisk NM (2002) . BJOG, 109(8), 952-954.
Baxter MA, Wynn RF, Deakin JA, Bellantuono I, Edington KG, Cooper A, Besley GTN, Church HJ, Wraith JE, Carr TF & Fairbairn LJ (2002) . Blood, 99(5), 1857-1859.
Campagnoli C, Roberts IA, Kumar S, Bennett PR, Bellantuono I & Fisk NM (2001) . Blood, 98(8), 2396-2402.
Campagnoli C, Fisk NM, Kumar S, Bellantuono I, Bennett PR & Roberts IAG (2000) Identification of mesenchymal stem cells in human first trimester fetal blood, liver and bone marrow.. BLOOD, 96(11), 279A-279A.
Bellantuono I, Macchiarulo E, Gao LQ, Dazzi F, Cerundolo V, Marley SB, Gordon MY, Goldman JM & Stauss HJ (2000) Immunoresponse to Wilms Tumor antigen-1 (WT-1) in CML patients.. BLOOD, 96(11), 144A-144A.
Bellantuono I, Lashford LS, Rafferty JA & Fairbairn LJ (2000) The expression of full length Gp91-phox protein is associated with reduced amphotropic retroviral production.. Haematologica, 85(5), 451-457.
Gao L, Bellantuono I, Elsässer A, Marley SB, Gordon MY, Goldman JM & Stauss HJ (2000) . Blood, 95(7), 2198-2203.
Gao L, Bellantuono I, Elsässer A, Marley SB, Gordon MY, Goldman JM & Stauss HJ (2000) Selective elimination of leukemic CD34(+) progenitor cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for WT1.. Blood, 95(7), 2198-2203.
Bellantuono I, Gao L, Elsaesser A, Marley S, Gordon M, Goldman J & Stauss H (1999) Selective elimination of leukemic progenitors by allorestricted CTL specific for Wilms tumor antigen-1 (WT-1).. BLOOD, 94(10), 532A-533A.
Fairbairn LJ, Lashford LS, Spooncer E, McDermott RH, Lebens G, Arrand JE, Arrand JR, Bellantuono I, Holt R, Hatton CE , Cooper A et al (1997) Towards gene therapy of Hurler syndrome.. Cas Lek Cesk, 136(1), 27-31.
Fairbairn LJ, Lashford LS, Spooncer E, McDermott RH, Lebens G, Arrand JE, Arrand JR, Bellantuono I, Holt R, Hatton CE , Cooper A et al (1996) . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93(5), 2025-2030.
ALESSANDRINO EP, BERNASCONI P, BONFICHI M, CALDERA D, BONI M, BELLANTUONO I, BIAGGI G & BERNASCONI C (1993) TREATMENT OF HIGH-RISK LEUKEMIA WITH BUSULFAN, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE, ETOPOSIDE AND ALLOGENEIC BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION. EXP HEMATOL, 21(8), 1132-1132.
CASTAGNOLA C, BONFICHI M, BELLANTUONO I, BRERA C, ALESSANDRINO EP, POLATTI F, ZARA C & BERNASCONI C (1993) GROWTH OF HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS DERIVED FROM UMBILICAL-CORD BLOOD. EXP HEMATOL, 21(8), 1137-1137.
Neag G, Lewis J, Turner JD, Manning JE, Dean I, Finlay M, Poologasundarampillai G, Woods J, Sahu MA, Khan KA , Begum J et al () . Communications Biology, 7(1).
Gostage J, Kostenuik P, Goljanek-Whysall K, Bellantuono I, McCloskey E & Bonnet N () . Current Osteoporosis Reports.
Short E, Adcock IM, Al-Sarireh B, Ager A, Ajjan R, Akbar N, Akeroyd MA, Alsaleh G, Al-Sharbatee G, Alavian K , Amoaku W et al () . GeroScience.
Pickering GAE, Felix-Ilemhenbhio F, Clark MJ, Kocsy K, Simpson J, Bellantuono I, Gartland A, Wilkinson JM, Hatzikotoulas K & Kiss-Toth E () . International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(16), 9203-9203.
Chen Z, Cordero J, Alqarni AM, Slack C, Zeidler MP & Bellantuono I () . The Journals of Gerontology: Series A.
Oliviero S, Roberts M, Owen R, Reilly GC, Bellantuono I & Dall’Ara E () . Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology.
Soriano-Arroquia A, Gostage J, Bardell D, McCloskey E, Bellantuono I, Clegg P, McDonagh B & Goljanek-Whysall K () .
Hatzikotoulas K, Pickering GAE, Clark MJ, Felix-Ilemhenbhio F, Kocsy K, Simpson J, MacInnes SJ, Koprulu M, Southam L, Bellantuono I , Baidžajevas K et al () .
Chen Z, Cordero J, Slack C, Zeidler M & Bellantuono I () .

Chapters

Bellantuono I & Fairbairn L (2006) , Tissue Stem Cells (pp. 305-337). CRC Press
Stauss H, Bellantuono I, Hsu S & Ramirez F (2004) , Infection and Immunity (pp. 109-122). CRC Press

Conference proceedings papers

Turner O, Villa-Uriol M-C, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Griffin J, Bellantuono I & Wyld L (2024) Degree of frailty impacts treatment & outcomes of breast cancer. FUTURE ONCOLOGY, Vol. 20 (pp 11-12)
Turner O, Morgan J, Sun Z, Juarez M, Villa-Uriol M-C, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Griffin J, Bellantuono I & Wyld L (2024) Correlating frailty & senescence: a biomarker study. FUTURE ONCOLOGY, Vol. 20 (pp 17-18)
Martins RR, Ellis P, Mughal N, Bellantuono I & Henriques CM (2019) . Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, Vol. 81(Supplement) (pp 7-7). Berlin, Germany, 4 June 2019 - 8 June 2019.
Misra J, Misra J, Mohanty ST, Madan S, Fernandes JA, Ebetino FH, Roehl H, Russell RG & Bellantuono I (2013) Can Bisphosphonates extend Life Span? Effects on Stem Cell survival, DNA Repair and Tissue Regeneration. JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Vol. 28
Wang QG, Mohanty S, Bellantuono I & Gartland A (2012) TIBIAL PLATEAU BONE SURFACE ROUGHNESS - A POTENTIAL NEW EARLY MARKER TO DETECT ARTHRITIS?. OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL, Vol. 23 (pp S574-S574)
Bellantuono I, Cairney C, Sanguinetti G, Ranghini E, Nostro MC, Bhattacharya A, Svendsen CN & Keith WN (2009) A system biology approach to Down Syndrome: identification of Notch/Wnt dysregulation in stem cells with age. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS, Vol. 46 (pp S22-S22)
Suzuki M, McHugh J, Tork C, Shelley B, Hayes A, Bellantuono I, Aebischer P & Svendsen CN (2008) Intramuscular delivery of GDNF with human mesenchymal stem cells protects dying motor neurons and prolongs survival in a rat model of familial ALS. CELL TRANSPLANTATION, Vol. 17(4) (pp 482-483)
Holmes KD, Bellantuono I, Walkinshaw SA, Alfirevic Z, Johnston T, Subhedar NV, Chittick R, Swindell R & Wynn RF (2005) Human fetal haematopoietic stem cells show different telomere length dynamics from age-matched post natal stem cells in a longitudinal study. BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Vol. 129 (pp 8-8)
Holmes DK, Bellantuono I, Walkinshaw SA, Alfirivec Z, Johnston TA & Wynn RF (2003) Human fetal hematopoietic stem cells show different telomere length dynamics to post natal and adult blood cells in a longitudinal study.. BLOOD, Vol. 102(11) (pp 566A-566A)

Datasets

Dall'Ara E, Oliviero S, Reilly G, Bellantuono I & Owen R .

Preprints

Short E, Adcock IM, Al-Sarireh B, Ager A, Ajjan R, Akbar N, Akeroyd MA, Alsaleh G, Al-Sharbatee G, Alavian K , Amoaku W et al (2024) , Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Morsli S, Henriques C, Ellis PS, Mortiboys HJ, Baxendale S, Loynes CA, Renshaw S & Bellantuono I (2022) , Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.

Research group

PhD Students

Olivia Turner
Ziqian Sun
Josie Cadman
Nikita Soni

Teaching interests

I am the Director of training for the HELSI-Dunhill Medical Trust Doctoral training program whose aims align with the HELSI mission of developing solutions for the prevention of multiple long-term chronic conditions and frailty.

Until 2017 I was the Director of training for the MRC-AR UK Centre for Integrated research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA). The Centre is a is a collaboration between the Universities of Liverpool, Newcastle and 91ֱ�� and the training includes an MRes and PhD programme.

I also contribute to the Student Selected Components of Phase 1a of the MBChB course.

Professional activities and memberships

Most of my time is now taken by the running of the Healthy Lifespan Institute and UKAgeNet. This has been built from my experience when I have Chaired and led the effort of the COST Action a European network comprising over 200 researchers from 25 EU countries to identify a roadmap to take medicinal drugs targeting mechanisms of ageing (geroprotectors) to the patients.

Previously I headed the Mellanby Centre skelet.AL laboratories (former Bone Analysis Laboratory), which provides access and expertise to contemporary technologies for the analysis of bone to investigators, internally and externally.

I was also the Director of Research for the Department of Oncology and Metabolism and a member of the Faculty Research and Innovation Committee, which oversees the Faculty strategic approach to Research and Innovation. At present I am serving as a panel member for the UKRI Future Leader Fellowship scheme.

I have been the Chair of the BBSRC Bioscience Skills and Careers (BSC) Strategy Advisory Panel, The BBSRC Fellowship portfolio monitoring group and a member of BBSRC Research Advisory Panel, roles I have enjoyed enormously and from which I have gained experience in policymaking in the vital skills and science sector.

I have taken part in evaluation of funding including NC3Rs, Arthritis Research UK and Horizon 2020 panels.