Bigg, Grant, Emeritus Professor

Emeritus Professor Grant Bigg

School of Geography and Planning

Professor in Earth Systems Science

Grant.Bigg@91ֱ��.ac.uk
+44 114 222 7905

C7, Geography and Planning Building

Full contact details

Emeritus Professor Grant Bigg
School of Geography and Planning
C7
Geography and Planning Building
Winter Street
91ֱ��
S3 7ND

Profile

Grant Bigg obtained his BSc in physics and applied mathematics from the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia in 1978, with a BSc (Honours) in applied mathematics the following year. He then became a Tutor in the Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Adelaide, working part-time on a PhD on Diffraction and trapping of waves by cavities and slender bodies. This was completed in 1982, the same year he had a pre-doctoral fellowship at the 1982 Summer Study Program in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.

In 1983 he moved overseas to the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at the University of Cambridge for a postdoctoral position in The sensitivity of inverse methods in oceanography. A year later, he followed his Principal Investigator, Adrian Gill, to the Hooke Institute in the Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, University of Oxford, where his postdoctoral work broadened to marine climate change.

In 1987 he became a lecturer in the School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, and was promoted to Senior Lecturer in 1996. He moved to a Chair in Earth Systems Science at 91ֱ�� in 2003, and served as Head of Department from 2006-2012. He currently lectures on oceanography and polar environments.

Grant is a Fellow of the Royal Meteorological Society and the Royal Geographical Society; he is a member of the Quaternary Research Association, the American Meteorological Society and the American Geophysical Union. He was a member of the Council of the Royal Meteorological Society in the early 1990s and editor of the Society's journal, Weather, for five years until 2003. He has been an Associate Editor of the Journal of Climate and of the International Journal of Oceanography and is currently Chair of the Editorial Board of the Challenger Society for Marine Science’s Ocean Challenge.

He has acted as external examiner for postgraduate degrees in Britain, the Netherlands, Australia and Jamaica and undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in Britain.

Grant is a keen walker, with his border terrier. He has also recorded meteorological data on two continents for almost 40 years.

Research interests

Research Interests

Ocean and climate modelling, marine climate change specialising in polar and tropical regions, with special interest in synoptic or meso-scale weather systems. Palaeoceanography: modelling and interpreting observations. Icebergs, and their role in the ocean's freshwater flux, both today and in the Quaternary. The interactions between climate change and society.

Current research

The common theme to all my research until recently has been marine climate change. However, many threads contribute to this theme. A major thread is the use, and development, of ocean circulation models to understand climate change on scales from global and millennial to local and sub-monthly. I use a combination of models and remote sensing, with interpreting oceanographic and lower atmospheric data, to increase our understanding of the climatic interaction between the atmosphere and ocean. I use iceberg trajectories to study glacial freshwater inputs to modern and Quaternary oceans. My primary focii of recent years can be divided into the global thermohaline circulation, icebergs and tropical climate change. More recently, however, there has begun to be an increased emphasis on the role environmental change plays in society.

Global thermohaline circulation

The possibility of future shut-down of convection in the North Atlantic Ocean, and a consequent reduction in the strength of the Gulf Stream, with associated cooling of western Europe has been much in the news in recent years. While the prospects for this occurring remain limited it is clear that the ocean circulation has changed significantly, and rapidly, at times in the past. I use models to explore the regimes under which change can occur, and the consequences of such change.

Highlights of this work include

Discovery of the impact of opening of the sea connection between the Arctic and Atlantic through the Canadian Seaways. Without the freshening influence of Arctic waters on the Labrador Sea the latter becomes much saltier, and more subject to convection, allowing more northward heat transport. An open connection through the Canadian Archipelago therefore acts as a negative feedback on the North Atlantic overturning circulation.
Discovery that the location of past injection of massive freshwater or iceberg fluxes to the glacial ocean leads to significantly different climate impact. From this work, it has become clear that a massive iceberg release about 30,000 years ago, known as H3, probably occurred in the European Arctic, rather than from North America, as previously believed.
Discovery that variation in sea level over the Quaternary has led to dramatic changes in the thermohaline circulation, due to enhancement of tidal mixing during low sea level stands.

This work has been carried out with Martin Wadley, Richard Levine of the Meteorological Office, and Mattias and Clare Green from Ocean Sciences at Bangor University, Wales, and funded by NERC and the Leverhulme Trust.

Icebergs

Iceberg debris has been used as a tracer for past ocean circulations in the Quaternary since the mid-1970s. However, until the mid-1990s there was little attempt to integrate this information into climate models. I developed a dynamic and thermodynamic model of iceberg movement that can be used in a coupled mode within a larger-scale climate model, or run in a non-feedback mode, to give a dynamical view of how ice-rafted debris distributions came about. This model has been tested in both hemispheres of the modern ocean and used in glacial mode.

Highlights of the work include

Discovery that iceberg meltwater may contribute as much as the precipitation budget to freshwater inputs to significant regions of the Southern Ocean. As convection around Antarctica is critically dependent on the salinity of waters following sea-ice formation the iceberg signal acts as a negative feedback on deep water formation.
Use of the model to assist interpretation of glacial iceberg-rafted debris signals. Using various palaeoceanographic indicators ranging from carbon isotopes to magnetic strengths of iron fragments in ocean core sediments the iceberg model has been used with various ocean model circulations to narrow down the characteristics of the glacial ocean circulation state. The most compatible ocean state is one with most deep water formation in the Southern Ocean.
Discovery of the relationship between large scale iceberg releases Modelling the twentieth century iceberg flux from Greenland, which, from its agreement with observed and marine core data from either side of Greenland, suggests that the dominant calving location of icebergs has shifted north during the century.

Remote sensing has also been used to help validate the iceberg trajectory model, and to move towards an iceberg calving flux for Antarctica, and a sea-ice hazard tool for the Arctic. This work has been carried out in collaboration with Keith Nicholls of the British Antarctic Survey, Barbara Maher of Lancaster University, Rupert Gladstone, Sarah Watkins, Tiago Silva, Richard Levine, Jen King, Clare and Mattias Green from Bangor University, Wales. The work has been funded by NERC and Kongsberg Satellite Services.

Tropical climate change

El Niño dominates work on the tropical climate but is only one aspect. I have been studying interannual variability in the the tropical Atlantic, both links to the Pacific variability of El Niño but also modes of variability that are self-contained within the Atlantic. The latter form an important component of Atlantic climate change. Both observational and modelling work on establishing the mechanisms underlying such change are ongoing.This work has been carried out with Alex Georgiadis, Masamichi Inoue of Lousiana State University, Itsuki Handoh, and Adrian Matthews and Dave Stevens of the University of East Anglia, and funded by NERC, NATO, the Royal Society and the University of 91ֱ��.

Publications

Books

Bigg GR (2015) Icebergs: Their Science and Links to Global Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bigg GR (2015) . Cambridge University Press.
Bigg GR (2003) The Oceans and Climate. Cambridge University Press.
Bigg GR (2003) . Cambridge University Press.

Journal articles

Smith RM & Bigg GR (2023) . Geophysical Research Letters, 50(18).
Wilton DJ, Bigg GR, Scourse JD, Ely JC & Clark CD (2021) . Journal of Quaternary Science.
Starr A, Hall IR, Barker S, Rackow T, Zhang X, Hemming SR, van der Lubbe HJL, Knorr G, Berke MA, Bigg GR , Cartagena-Sierra A et al (2021) . Nature, 589(7841), 236-241.
McCarron AP, Bigg GR, Brooks H, Leng MJ, Marshall JD, Ponomareva V, Portnyagin M, Reimer PJ & Rogerson M (2021) . Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 553.
Bigg GR (2020) . Quaternary Science Reviews, 232.
Bigg GR, Zhao Y & Hanna E (2019) . Journal of Operational Oceanography.
Morim T, Bigg GR, Madeira PM, Palma J, Duvernell DD, Gisbert E, Cunha RL & Castilho R (2019) . PeerJ, 7.
Rea BR, Newton AMW, Lamb RM, Harding R, Bigg GR, Rose P, Spagnolo M, Huuse M, Cater JML, Archer S , Buckley F et al (2018) . Science Advances, 4(6).
Ayala-Solares JR, Wei HL & Bigg GR (2018) . Acta Geophysica, 1-13.
Bigg GR, Cropper TE, O’Neill CK, Arnold AK, Fleming AH, Marsh R, Ivchenko V & Fournier N (2018) . Natural Hazards.
Marsh R, Bigg G, Zhao Y, Martin MJ, Blundell JR, Josey SA, Hanna E & Ivchenko V (2018) . Natural Hazards, 91(2), 447-471.
Wei H & Bigg GR (2017) . Social Sciences, 6(4), 122-122.
Zhao Y, Hanna E, Bigg GR & Zhao Y (2017) . Complexity, 2017.
Barrett HG, Jones JM & Bigg GR (2017) . Climate Dynamics.
Barrett HG, Jones JM & Bigg GR (2017) . Climate Dynamics.
Wilton DJ, Jowett A, Hanna E, Bigg GR, Van Den Broeke MR, Fettweis X & Huybrechts P (2016) . Journal of Glaciology.
Hanna E, Penman J, Jónsson T, Bigg GR, Björnsson H, Sjúrðarson S, Hansen MA, Cappelen J & Bryant RG (2016) . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374(2077).
Marshall AM, Bigg GR, van Leeuwen SM, Pinnegar JK, Wei H-L, Webb TJ & Blanchard JL (2016) . Global Change Biology, 22(5), 1755-1768.
Duprat LPAM, Bigg GR & Wilton DJ (2016) . Nature Geoscience, 9(3), 219-221.
Zhao Y, Bigg GR, Billings SA, Hanna E, Sole AJ, Wei H-L, Kadirkamanathan V & Wilton DJ (2016) . Cold Regions Science and Technology, 121, 167-178.
Wilton DJ, Bigg GR & Hanna E (2015) . Progress in Oceanography, 138, 194-210.
Marsh R, Ivchenko VO, Skliris N, Alderson S, Bigg GR, Madec G, Blaker AT, Aksenov Y, Sinha B, Coward AC , Le Sommer J et al (2015) . Geoscientific Model Development, 8(5), 1547-1562.
Hannaford MJ, Jones JM & Bigg GR (2015) . The Holocene, 25(2), 379-390.
King JA, Bigg GR & Hall R (2015) . Annals of Glaciology, 56(69), 445-450.
Hannaford MJ, Bigg GR, Jones JM, Phimister I & Staub M (2014) . Environment and History, 20(3), 411-445.
Bigg GR & Wilton DJ (2014) . Weather, 69(4), 100-104.
Cropper TE, Hanna E & Bigg GR (2014) . Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 86, 94-111.
Bigg GR, Wei HL, Wilton DJ, Zhao Y, Billings SA, Hanna E & Kadirkamanathan V (2014) . Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 470(2166).
Bigg G & Billings S (2014) . Significance, 11(3), 6-10.
Ikema T, Bryant RG & Bigg GR (2013) . Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 128, 52-63.
Rogerson M, Rohling E, Bigg G & Ramirez J (2013) . Reviews of Geophysics, 51(3), 523-523.
Andrews JT, Bigg GR & Wilton DJ (2013) . Quaternary Science Reviews.
Bigg GR (2013) . Evolutionary Ecology, 1-15.
Bigg GR, Clark CD, Greenwood SL, Haflidason H, Hughes ALC, Levine RC, Nygård A & Sejrup HP (2012) . Global and Planetary Change, 98-99, 153-165.
Bigg GR, Wise SM, Hanna E, Mansell D, Bryant RG & Howard A (2012) Synoptic climatology of cold air drainage in the Derwent Valley, Peak District, UK. Meteorological Applications.
Rogerson M, Rohling EJ, Bigg GR & Ramirez J (2012) . Reviews of Geophysics, 50(2).
Hall JA, Bigg GR & Hall R (2012) . Remote Sensing Letters, 3(4), 295-304.
Hanna E, Huybrechts P, Cappelen J, Steffen K, Bales RC, Burgess E, McConnell JR, Peder Steffensen J, Van den Broeke M, Wake L , Bigg G et al (2011) . Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 116(D24), n/a-n/a.
Green CL, Green JAM & Bigg GR (2011) . PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, 26.
Meredith MP, Woodworth PL, Chereskin TK, Marshall DP, Allison LC, Bigg GR, Donohue K, Heywood KJ, Hughes CW, Hibbert A , Hogg AMC et al (2011) . Reviews of Geophysics, 49(4).
Green JAM & Bigg GR (2011) . JOURNAL OF MARINE RESEARCH, 69(2-3), 221-244.
Bigg GR, Levine RC & Green CL (2011) . Global and Planetary Change, 79(3-4), 176-192.
Sarojini BB, Gregory JM, Tailleux R, Bigg GR, Blaker AT, Cameron DR, Edwards NR, Megann AP, Shaffrey LC & Sinha B (2011) . Ocean Science, 7(4), 471-486.
Rogerson M, Bigg GR, Rohling EJ & Ramirez J (2011) Vertical density gradient in the eastern North Atlantic during the last 30,000 years. Climate Dynamics, 1-10.
Balan Sarojini B, Gregory JM, Tailleux R, Bigg GR, Blaker AT, Cameron D, Edwards NR, Megann AP, Shaffrey LC & Sinha B (2011) High frequency variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Ocean Science Discussions, 8(1), 219-246.
Ikema T, Bigg GR & Bryant RG (2010) . J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, 115.
Rogerson M, Colmenero-Hidalgo E, Levine RC, Rohling EJ, Voelker AHL, Bigg GR, Schonfeld J, Cacho I, Sierro FJ, Lowemark L , Reguera MI et al (2010) . GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, 11.
Bigg GR, Levine RC, Clark CD, Greenwood SL, Haflidason H, Hughes ALC, Nygard A & Sejrup HP (2010) . J QUATERNARY SCI, 25(5), 689-699.
Kirbyshire AL & Bigg GR (2010) . CLIMATIC CHANGE, 100(3-4), 419-431.
Green CL, Bigg GR & Green JAM (2010) . Geophysical Research Letters, 37(23).
Green JAM, Green CL, Bigg GR, Rippeth TP, Scourse JD & Uehara K (2009) . GEOPHYS RES LETT, 36.
Neill SP, Scourse JD, Bigg GR & Uehara K (2009) . J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, 114.
Levine RC & Bigg GR (2008) . PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, 23(4).
Condron A, Bigg GR & Renfrew IA (2008) . J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, 113(C10).
Itiveh KO & Bigg GR (2008) . INT J CLIMATOL, 28(5), 659-666.
Bigg GR, Clark CD & Hughes ALC (2008) . EARTH PLANET SC LETT, 265(3-4), 559-570.
Bigg GR, Cunningham CW, Ottersen G, Pogson GH, Wadley MR & Williamson P (2008) . Proc Biol Sci, 275(1631), 163-172.
Georgiadis AP & Bigg G (2007) . International Journal of Climatology, 27(8), 989-1001.
Jones EJW, Bigg GR, Handoh IC & Spathopoulos F (2007) . PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL, 248(1-2), 233-246.
Bryant RG, Bigg GR, Mahowald NM, Eckardt FD & Ross SG (2007) . J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, 112(D9).
Nygard A, Sejrup HP, Haflidason H, Lekens WAH, Clark CD & Bigg GR (2007) . GEOLOGY, 35(5), 395-398.
Watkins SJ, Maher BA & Bigg GR (2007) . PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, 22(2).
Bigg GR & Wadley MR (2007) . J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, 112(C3).
Handoh IC, Matthews AJ, Bigg GR & Stevens DP (2006) . INT J CLIMATOL, 26(14), 1937-1956.
Handoh IC, Bigg GR, Matthews AJ & Stevens DP (2006) . INT J CLIMATOL, 26(14), 1957-1976.
Condron A, Bigg GR & Renfrew IA (2006) Polar mesoscale cyclones in the northeast Atlantic: Comparing climatologies from ERA-40 and satellite imagery. MON WEATHER REV, 134(5), 1518-1533.
Wadley MR & Bigg GR (2006) Are "Great Salinity Anomalies" advective?. J CLIMATE, 19(7), 1080-1088.
Silva TAM, Bigg GR & Nicholls KW (2006) . J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, 111(C3).
Bigg GR (2005) . Weather, 60(6), 167-169.
Silva TAM & Bigg GR (2005) . Remote Sensing of Environment, 94(3), 287-297.
Bigg GR, Dye SR & Wadley MR (2005) . Journal of Atmospheric and Ocean Science, 10(2), 123-143.
Wadley MR & Bigg GR (2004) . GEOPHYS RES LETT, 31(18).
Chris DC, Sejrup HP, Bigg G, Stoker M, Lldla L, Raunholm S & Hafudi H (2004) Did the punctuated demise of glacial ice in the north sea affect thermohaline circulation of the ocean?. Eos, 85(31), 293.
Kahana R, Bigg GR & Wadley MR (2004) Global ocean circulation modes derived from a multiple box model. J PHYS OCEANOGR, 34(8), 1811-1823.
Handoh IC, Bigg GR & Jones EJW (2003) . PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL, 202(1-2), 31-58.
Bigg GR & Webber DF (2003) The impact of coastline change and urban development on the flushing time of a coastal embayment, Kingston Harbour, Jamaica. B MAR SCI, 73(2), 291-305.
Bigg GR, Jickells TD, Liss PS & Osborn TJ (2003) . INT J CLIMATOL, 23(10), 1127-1159.
Inoue M, Handoh IC & Bigg GR (2002) Bimodal distribution of tropical cyclogenesis in the Caribbean: Characteristics and environmental factors. J CLIMATE, 15(20), 2897-2905.
Wadley MR & Bigg GR (2002) . Q J ROY METEOR SOC, 128(585), 2187-2203.
Gladstone R & Bigg GR (2002) . ANTARCT SCI, 14(3), 278-287.
Wadley MR, Bigg GR, Rohling EJ & Payne AJ (2002) On modelling present-day and last glacial maximum oceanic delta O-18 distribution. GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE, 32(2-3), 89-109.
Trigo IF, Bigg GR & Davies TD (2002) Climatology of cyclogenesis mechanisms in the Mediterranean. MON WEATHER REV, 130(3), 549-569.
Bigg GR & Harold JM (2002) . Weather, 57(1), 47-48.
Handoh IC, Bigg GR & Inoue M (2001) Use of a reduced-gravity model to evaluate present and past primary productivity in the tropical open ocean. LIMNOL OCEANOGR, 46(7), 1632-1641.
Watts MC & Bigg GR (2001) Modelling and the monitoring of mesocosm experiments: two case studies. J PLANKTON RES, 23(10), 1081-1093.
Gladstone RM, Bigg GR & Nicholls KW (2001) Iceberg trajectory modeling and meltwater injection in the Southern Ocean. J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, 106(C9), 19903-19915.
Bigg GR & Wadley MR (2001) The origin and flux of icebergs released into the Last Glacial Maximum Northern Hemisphere oceans: the impact of ice-sheet topography. J QUATERNARY SCI, 16(6), 565-573.
Bigg GR & Wadley MR (2001) Millennial-scale variability in the oceans: an ocean modelling view. J QUATERNARY SCI, 16(4), 309-319.
Watts M & Bigg G (2001) . Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 48(4-5), 1019-1042.
Bigg G (2001) . Weather, 56(6), 204-204.
Bigg GR (2001) . Weather, 56(9), 296-304.
Bigg GR (2001) . Weather, 56(1), 36-36a.
Trigo IF, Davies TD & Bigg GR (2000) Decline in Mediterranean rainfall caused by weakening of Mediterranean cyclones. GEOPHYS RES LETT, 27(18), 2913-2916.
Bigg GR, Wadley MR, Stevens DP & Johnson JA (2000) Glacial thermohaline circulation states of the northern Atlantic: the compatibility of modelling and observations. J GEOL SOC LONDON, 157, 655-665.
Thorpe RB & Bigg GR (2000) Modelling the sensitivity of Mediterranean Outflow to anthropogenically forced climate change. CLIM DYNAM, 16(5), 355-368.
Bigg GR & Rohling EJ (2000) An oxygen isotope data set for marine waters. J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, 105(C4), 8527-8535.
Handoh IC & Bigg GR (2000) A self-sustaining climate mode in the tropical Atlantic, 1995-97: Observations and modelling. Q J ROY METEOR SOC, 126(564), 807-821.
Bigg G (2000) . Weather, 55(1), 2-2.
Harold JM, Bigg GR & Turner J (1999) Mesocyclone activity over the Northeast Atlantic. Part 2: An investigation of causal mechanisms. INT J CLIMATOL, 19(12), 1283-1299.
Harold JM, Bigg GR & Turner J (1999) Mesocyclone activity over the North-East Atlantic. Part 1: Vortex distribution and variability. INT J CLIMATOL, 19(11), 1187-1204.
Trigo IF, Davies TD & Bigg GR (1999) Objective climatology of cyclones in the Mediterranean region. J CLIMATE, 12(6), 1685-1696.
Bigg GR (1999) . Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 31(2), 174-178.
Bigg GR (1999) An estimate of the flux of iceberg calving from Greenland. ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES, 31(2), 174-178.
Handoh IC, Bigg GR, Jones EJW & Inoue M (1999) An ocean modeling study of the Cenomanian Atlantic: equatorial paleo-upwelling, organic-rich sediments and the consequences for a connection between the proto-North and South Atlantic. GEOPHYS RES LETT, 26(2), 223-226.
Wadley MR & Bigg GR (1999) . Ocean Modelling, 1(2-4), 71-80.
Andrews JE, Greenaway AM, Bigg GR, Webber DF, Dennis PF & Guthrie GA (1999) Pollution history of a tropical estuary revealed by combined hydrodynamic modelling and sediment geochemistry. J MARINE SYST, 18(4), 333-343.
Bigg GR, Wadley MR, Stevens DP & Johnson JA (1998) Simulations of two last glacial maximum ocean states. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, 13(4), 340-351.
Bigg GR (1998) . International Journal of Climatology, 18(5), 579-579.
Rohling EJ & Bigg GR (1998) Paleosalinity and delta O-18: A critical assessment. J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, 103(C1), 1307-1318.
Rohling EJ & Bigg GR (1998) Paleosalinity and δ¹⁸O: A critical assessment. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 103(C1), 1307-1318.
Young EF, Bigg GR, Grant A, Walker P & Brown J (1998) A modelling study of environmental influences on bivalve settlement in The Wash, England. MAR ECOL-PROG SER, 172, 197-214.
Bigg GR, Wadley MR, Stevens DP & Johnson JA (1997) Modelling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs. COLD REG SCI TECHNOL, 26(2), 113-135.
Bigg GR (1997) . Atmospheric Environment, 31(10), 1583-1583.
Bigg G (1997) . Weather, 52(2), 64-64.
Bigg GR (1997) . Weather, 52(3), 72-77.
Bigg GR (1997) . Weather, 52(8), 258-261.
Bigg GR, Wadley MR, Stevens DP & Johnson JA (1996) Prediction of iceberg trajectories for the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. GEOPHYS RES LETT, 23(24), 3587-3590.
Young EF, Bigg GR & Grant A (1996) A statistical study of environmental influences on bivalve recruitment in the Wash, England. MAR ECOL-PROG SER, 143(1-3), 121-129.
BIGG GR (1996) . International Journal of Climatology, 16(9), 1077-1077.
Wadley MR, Bigg GR, Stevens DP & Johnson JA (1996) Sensitivity of the North Atlantic to surface forcing in an Ocean general circulation model. J PHYS OCEANOGR, 26(7), 1129-1141.
Reddaway JM & Bigg GR (1996) Climatic change over the mediterranean and links to the more general atmospheric circulation. INT J CLIMATOL, 16(6), 651-661.
Heywood KJ, Stevens DP & Bigg GR (1996) Eddy formation behind the tropical island of Aldabra. DEEP-SEA RES PT I, 43(4), 555-&.
Wadley MR & Bigg GR (1996) The stability of passively nested ocean general circulation models. GEOPHYS ASTRO FLUID, 82(3-4), 207-219.
Wadley MR & Bigg GR (1996) Abyssal channel flow in ocean general circulation models with application to the Vema Channel. J PHYS OCEANOGR, 26(1), 38-48.
Bigg GR (1995) . International Journal of Climatology, 15(5), 587-587.
BIGG GR (1995) ARIDITY OF THE MEDITERRANEAN-SEA AT THE LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM - A REINTERPRETATION OF THE DELTA-O-18 RECORD. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, 10(2), 283-290.
GROSE TJ, JOHNSON JA & BIGG GR (1995) A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE FRAM (FINE RESOLUTION ANTARCTIC MODEL) RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS IN THE DRAKE PASSAGE. DEEP-SEA RES PT I, 42(3), 365-388.
Bigg GR (1995) . Weather, 50(4), 117-124.
INOUE M & BIGG GR (1995) TRENDS IN WIND AND SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC-OCEAN FOR THE PERIOD 1950-1979. INT J CLIMATOL, 15(1), 35-52.
BIGG GR (1994) AN OCEAN GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL VIEW OF THE GLACIAL MEDITERRANEAN THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, 9(5), 705-722.
WADLEY MR & BIGG GR (1994) INTERBASIN EXCHANGE OF BOTTOM WATER IN OCEAN GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS. J PHYS OCEANOGR, 24(10), 2209-2214.
Bigg G (1994) . Atmospheric Environment, 28(15), 2555-2556.
GROSE TJ, BIGG GR & JOHNSON JA (1994) THE BERNOULLI INVERSE METHOD - THEORY AND PRACTICE. DEEP-SEA RES PT I, 41(5-6), 767-785.
Bigg G (1994) . Weather, 49(1), 40-41.
Bigg GR (1993) . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 173(1), 155-156.
BIGG GR (1993) COMPARISON OF COASTAL WIND AND PRESSURE TRENDS OVER THE TROPICAL ATLANTIC - 1946-1987. INT J CLIMATOL, 13(4), 411-421.
BIGG GR & JIANG DX (1993) MODELING THE LATE QUATERNARY INDIAN-OCEAN CIRCULATION. PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, 8(1), 23-46.
Bigg G (1993) . Weather, 48(11), 381-384.
BIGG GR (1992) VALIDATION OF TRENDS IN THE SURFACE WIND-FIELD OVER THE MOZAMBIQUE CHANNEL. INT J CLIMATOL, 12(8), 829-838.
Bigg GR, Jiang D & Mitchell JFB (1992) . Paleoceanography, 7(1), 119-135.
BIGG GR & INOUE M (1992) ROSSBY WAVES AND EL-NINO DURING 1935-46. Q J ROY METEOR SOC, 118(503), 125-152.
BIGG GR (1991) KRIGING AND INTRAREGIONAL RAINFALL VARIABILITY IN ENGLAND. INT J CLIMATOL, 11(6), 663-675.
BIGG GR, JIANG DX & MITCHELL JFB (1991) A QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE ARABIAN SEA SEDIMENT RECORD USING GCM SIMULATED UPWELLING. QUATERNARY RES, 35(3), 464-468.
BIGG GR (1990) INVERSIONS OF OBSERVATIONS NEAR THE AZORES FRONT. J MAR RES, 48(4), 661-675.
BIGG GR (1990) EL-NINO, LA-NINA, AND THE SOUTHERN OSCILLATION - PHILANDER,SG. NATURE, 344(6268), 720-720.
Bigg GR (1990) . Endeavour, 14(2), 101-101.
Bigg GR (1990) . Weather, 45(1), 2-8.
BIGG GR, JICKELLS TD, KNAP AH & SHERRIFFDOW R (1989) THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SHORT-TERM WIND INDUCED MIXING EVENTS FOR NEW PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN SUBTROPICAL GYRES. OCEANOL ACTA, 12(4), 437-442.
BIGG GR & BLUNDELL JR (1989) . Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 115(489), 1039-1069.
BIGG GR & BLUNDELL JR (1989) THE EQUATORIAL PACIFIC-OCEAN PRIOR TO AND DURING EL-NINO OF 1982/83 - A NORMAL MODE MODEL VIEW. Q J ROY METEOR SOC, 115(489), 1039-1069.
COOPER NS, WHYSALL KDB & BIGG GR (1989) RECENT DECADAL CLIMATE VARIATIONS IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC. INT J CLIMATOL, 9(3), 221-242.
KILLWORTH PD & BIGG GR (1988) AN INTERCOMPARISON OF INVERSE METHODS USING AN EDDY-RESOLVING GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL. J PHYS OCEANOGR, 18(7), 987-1008.
BIGG GR & KILLWORTH PD (1988) CONSERVATIVE TRACERS AND THE OCEAN CIRCULATION. PHILOS T ROY SOC A, 325(1583), 177-187.
Bigg GR (1988) . Weather, 43(6), 222-228.
WHYSALL KDB, COOPER NS & BIGG GR (1987) LONG-TERM CHANGES IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC SURFACE WIND-FIELD. NATURE, 327(6119), 216-219.
BIGG GR (1986) SENSITIVITY STUDIES OF A SIMPLE INVERSE METHOD APPLIED TO THE COX AND BRYAN MODEL. J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, 91(C8), 9639-9654.
BIGG GR & GILL AE (1986) THE ANNUAL CYCLE OF SEA-LEVEL IN THE EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC. J PHYS OCEANOGR, 16(6), 1055-1061.
BIGG GR (1985) THE BETA-SPIRAL METHOD. DEEP-SEA RES, 32(4), 465-484.
Bigg GR (1984) . Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 144, 466-467.
BIGG GR (1984) A NOTE ON THE TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF TAYLOR-COLUMNS OVER TOPOGRAPHY. DYNAM ATMOS OCEANS, 8(1), 87-94.
BIGG GR (1984) SCATTERING AND THE PARABOLIC APPROXIMATION FOR SLENDER BODIES. SIAM J APPL MATH, 44(3), 568-586.
BIGG GR (1983) DIFFRACTION AND TRAPPING OF WAVES BY CAVITIES AND SLENDER BODIES. B AUST MATH SOC, 27(3), 473-474.
Bigg GR (1982) . International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 13(4), 463-465.
BIGG GR (1982) THE 3-DIMENSIONAL CAVITY RESONATOR. J SOUND VIB, 85(1), 85-103.
BIGG GR & TUCK EO (1982) TWO-DIMENSIONAL RESONATORS WITH SMALL OPENINGS. J AUST MATH SOC B, 24(JUL), 2-27.
Clark CD, Ely JC, Hindmarsh RCA, Bradley S, Ignéczi A, Fabel D, Ó Cofaigh C, Chiverrell RC, Scourse J, Benetti S , Bradwell T et al () . Boreas.
Marsh R, Ivchenko VO, Skliris N, Alderson S, Bigg GR, Madec G, Blaker A & Aksenov Y () . Geoscientific Model Development Discussions, 7(4), 5661-5698.
Itiveh KO & Bigg GR () . Global Journal of Geological Sciences, 3(1).
Bigg GR () . International Journal of Climatology, 11(8), 924-925.
Bigg GR () . International Journal of Climatology, 11(8), 923-924.
Ross JB, Bigg GR, Zhao Y & Hanna E () . Sustainability, 13(14), 7705-7705.
Bigg GR, Jutard Q & Marsh R () .
Bigg GR, Jutard Q & Marsh R () .

Chapters

Ashaari ZH, Bigg GR & Bryant RG (2014) , From Sources to Solution (pp. 579-583). Springer Singapore
Bigg GR () (pp. 1-7). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Bigg GR () , Issues in Environmental Science and Technology (pp. 13-32). Royal Society of Chemistry
Bigg GR () , Encyclopedia of World Climatology (pp. 540-546). Springer Netherlands

Conference proceedings papers

Death R, Siegert MJ, Bigg GR & Wadley MR (2006) . PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY, Vol. 236(1-2) (pp 135-150)
Bigg GR (1990) . Weather, Vol. 45(7) (pp 286-287)
BIGG GR & KILLWORTH PD (1988) CONSERVATIVE TRACERS AND THE OCEAN CIRCULATION. TRACERS IN THE OCEAN (pp 177-187)

Preprints

Morim T, Bigg GR, Madeira PM, Palma J, Duvernell DD, Gisbert E, Cunha RL & Castilho R (2018) , PeerJ Preprints.
Zhang Y & Bigg GR () , Wiley.
Morim T, Bigg GR, Madeira PM, Palma J, Duvernell DD, Gisbert E, Cunha RL & Castilho R () , PeerJ.

Teaching interests

While my specialist teaching is in the fields of oceanography and meteorology, throughout what I teach at both undergraduate and postgraduate level I try to convey the importance of thinking of subjects from an interdisciplinary perspective, using a range of tools students pick up in our skills modules.

This is very much a research-led teaching style, exposing students to current ideas about my specialist subjects as well as the other areas I teach, or the wide range of dissertation topics I supervise. While this involves large-scale lectures when necessary, it also involves tutorial groups and individual supervision, particularly at Masters level.